HTML Form data from checkboxes within while loop

I have a really basic Date system on a site which displays the dates from the Database using a While loop, next to each date that is listed is a check box.

I would like the user to be able to select as many dates as they would like and click submit to remove these dates or edit these dates.

I am having trouble figuring out how I would get the data from multiple check-boxes using only one within the while loop which could be used multiple times?

Here is my current code:

<form action="" method="post">
<b>Current Dates:</b> <button type="submit" id="remove_dates" name="remove_dates" class="btn btn-danger btn-sm">Remove Selected</button> 
<hr> 
<div style="overflow-y: scroll;height:100px">
<?
$sqldate = "SELECT * FROM `foiu51r_calendar` ORDER BY date DESC";
$resultdate = $conn->query($sqldate);

if ($resultdate->num_rows > 0) {
// output data of each row
while($rowdate = $resultdate->fetch_assoc()) {
$date_id = $rowdate['date_id'];
$dates = $rowdate['date'];

?>
<input type="checkbox" id="date_id" name="date_id" value="<? echo $date_id; ?>"> <b><? echo date("d/m/Y", strtotime($dates)); ?></b><br>
<?
    }
    }
?>
</div>
</form> 

if(isset($_POST['remove_dates'])){
    $date_id = $_POST['date_id'];
}